Smart robot can't live without printed circuit boards

WDF-PCB-M-35,6 layer,wonderfulpcb.com

Nowadays, the smart robot to help you cook, help you sweep, help you washing are not only a illusion, they become fact.

Yes, we have cooker, smart sweeper, washing machine and so on.Although they all have a printed circuit board, but they have difference procedure so they do different kind of smart thing. When they come, we just cheering and feel happy we won’t worry about our meals become scorch, and we don’t need to wash our clothes anymore and we don’t need to sweep by ourselves anymore and so on.

But when machine age come, these kind of smart machine can not cheer us up anymore, we need the more smart robot, like they can play with us, talk with us and when we feel boring, they can tell us some jokes, when we feel nerves they can give me some suggest and can help me to overcome the difficult and when we are busy, they can change as a babysit and we don’t need to worry the baby-sister abuse our baby anymore.

Whats more, we need they become more smart, when we are going out and need GPS, we hope they can shown me the way and when we forget to doing something, we hope they can remind me.
Yes, we all want this smart robot. And if you have some idea about this kind of robot ,and if you have this kind of technology and your want to put the procedure into the printed circuit board to make your robot come true, send your Gerber file to WONDERFUL PCB CO.,LTD.

We can help you to make this kind of printed circuit board and help achieve your dream.

Finally, I wanna recommend that wonderful PCB co.,ltd can be the faith supplier of your PCB supplier.  

How to make PCB quote efficient?

Rigid-flex PCB( WDF-RFPC-M-1 ) - wonderfulpcb.com

Wonderful PCB has been a PCB manufacture for almost 20 years. And there are 20 foreign sales in company who are facing to the customers all over the world. Wonderful PCB has many platforms to begin its busniess. Such two alibaba account, one Glabol Sources and two company websites. All the inquiry from these platforms would divided to the foreign sales. So, how to make a quotation to customers seems very important for a foreign sales.

Firstly, wonderful PCB have a firm model of making a quotation. Customers should provide gerber files and bom list (if PCBA project) . After that, sales would send the gerber files to the engineers to check and send the bom lists to purchasing managers to evaluate the price of components. Usually speaking，it takes one hour for checking the gerber. But the bom list would take more times, maybe two hours or more . It depends on the difficulties of bom list. After sales get price of the components, then can make a firm quotation to customers with the shippiing cost. So the quotation process is done.

Looking back the process, you may find if customer need a PCB inquiry. That would be simple. Foreign sales should ask for gerber from customer. Sometimes customer don’t have a sample or just have some picture. In this situation, you cann’t make a firm quotation to your customer. Maybe you can ask for the design drawing from your clients. But normally, it’s too simple and not working. So when you don’t received the gerber files from clients, you should response to your clients at the first time to get the designing gerber files or ask for a sample, no matter if they providing the drawings or more other information.

In a second part, if customer need a quote for a PCBA project. Then just the same work that you should ask for the bom list.  If you indeed have a bom list, you’d better check the bom list for a while. Maybe there are somewhere unclear in the bom lish which would effect the exact quote. So you can send the unclear question to clients in the first time. It would be cut off the quoting time. Usually a bom list takes too much time and this would affect the quoting time to your clients. Faster and faster quoting time cam make your faster than your competitors. Believe it or not, faster can even beat your competitors in a high price.

So Wonderful PCB has a fluent process of quoting and all the sales are able to handle all the quoting situation. That is the reason why more and more clients build a good-long relationship with Wonderful PCB.

Industry Trends of PCB in China

Since China's reform and opening up, Chinese because in the aspects of labor resources, market, investment preferential policies to attract the mass transfer of European and American manufacturing, a large number of electronic products and manufacturers will factory set up in China, and thus led to the development of related industries, including PCB.According to Chinese CPCA statistics, in 2006 China has reached 130 million square meters, PCB production actual output value reached $12.1 billion, accounting for 24.90% of global PCB output, more than Japan to become the world's first.From 2000 to 2006, China's PCB market average annual growth rate of 20%, far more than the global average.The global financial crisis in 2008 caused a huge impact to the PCB industry, but not catastrophic blow to China's PCB industry, under the country's economic stimulus in 2010 China's PCB industry appeared a full recovery, China PCB production value of up to $19.971 billion in 2010.Prismark forecast 2010-2015, China will keep the compound annual growth rate of 8.10%, higher than the global average growth rate of 5.40%.

industrial regional distribution imbalance 

The PCB industry in China are mainly distributed south China and east China region, combined amounted to 90% of the national, industrial cluster effect is obvious.This phenomenon is mainly with the main production base of China's electronics industry is concentrated in the pearl river delta, Yangtze river delta.

China's PCB industry downstream application distribution

China's PCB industry downstream application distribution as shown in the figure below.Consumer electronics accounted for the highest, at 39%;Followed by the computer, accounting for 22%;Communication (14%);Industrial control/medical instruments accounted for 14%;Automotive electronics (6%);Defense and aerospace accounted for 5%.

the technology development lags behind the advanced level

China now although from industry scale has been the world's first, in terms of the overall technical level, but from the PCB industry still lags behind the advanced level.On the product structure, laminated occupied most of output value proportion, but most of them 8 layer below the low-end products, HDI, flexible plate has a certain scale but on the technical gap with Japan and other advanced foreign products, the highest technical content among IC loading board in but there are few domestic enterprises can produce.

WONDERFULPCB.COM

PCB Design – How To Create Circuit Boards

To create a PCB Design you need to draw holes, pads and wires for your circuit. Then you send this drawing to a manufacturer or you etch it yourself.

Sounds hard? Don’t worry, there are many free tools out there that will help you do this.

Starting with schematics

Before you start drawing wires and stuff, you need to know what circuit you want to build. So you need to find or design schematics for your circuit. And you need a PCB design software. Then you are ready to begin the process.

Start by drawing your schematic diagram into the software you have chosen.

PCB design process

Preparing the board layout

Now it’s time to draw the board. You need to transfer your schematic diagram into a drawing of your printed circuit board.

Drawing PCB’s is artwork. Take your time, and make sure it looks good. Follow the design guidelines for drawing circuit boards.

Most PCB software will have tools that will help you draw your board from the schematic. I can’t cover them all, but I’ve written a PCB design tutorial for Eagle to help you learn.

Things To Think About

Will you put the circuit board in a box? Remember that tall components might need to be laid down flat to fit. With a drawing of your components placed on your board, print it out on a sheet of paper. Use this paper version of your board to test that it will fit the box and that your connectors will fit.

Getting your PCB manufactured

When you are done drawing your board, it is time to get your PCB design ready for manufacturing.

This basically means you need to check your board for errors and convert your board layout to Gerber files. Then, choose a cheap PCB manufacturer and get your board made.

10-Step PCB Assembly Process

Why we assembly boards so FAST

Step 1: Quotation

After receiving a RFQ, our sales teams carry out action:

Full/ Partial Turnkey Orders

Review required files: BOM files, Gerbers files and XYRS files. Contact PCBs and parts suppliers for pricing. 

        

Consignment Orders

Review required files: BOM files, Gerbers files and XYRS files. Quotations are delivered within 24 hours.     

Step 2: Inventory parts

Receiving, storing and maintaining exact parts and PCBs inventories is a top priority.

988 Assembly Orders Inventory (Turn-Key)Parts and or PCBs are ordered using customer's BOM files. 988 has dedicated team at Digi-Key and Mouser for part sourcing along with other leading suppliers. We have cooperation with lots PCB fabrication providers. Customer supplies inventory and custom kitting labels are printed from provided BOM files and sent to customers for inventory preparation.

Laser-cut stencils are also used for all projects.

Our attrition rate is very low, but it is safe to provide us a small amount of overages to avoid any delays in assembly.

Passive Devices:

0603 and larger footprints: Add 30% to build quantity plus 30 extra pieces.

0201 and 0402 footprints: Add 100% overage plus 100 extra pieces.

All others add 30% overages.

IC's:

Under $1.00    - Add 30% overage.

$1.00 - $5.00   - Add one or two pieces.

Over $5.00       - No overage.

Step 3: Virtual Prototypes

Virtual prototypes (or smart pdfs) allow you to see and review manufacturing data through a digital image of your PCBs. It helps to find and fix potential issues before production. It is a free service performed via our proprietary software, BOM Builder.

Full Service Assembly

988 engineers teams check for parts placement and other errors. Pictures will be sent to customers for confirmation. Projects are put on hold until all issues are solved. It minimizes delays during the production process. R&D prototypes engineering is an automated process. Components will be placed per XYRS, BOM files and Gerbers.All components that need to be placed will be placed.                              

Step 4: Preparation for Assembly

The manufacturing team begins the automated, machine-placed assembly process by:

cutting, programming Pick&Place machines. 988 Assembly has a proprietary, automated process which makes us set-up machines in hours rather than days it taken by other providers. Applying solder to the PCBs via customed stencils. When all the paste is done, each board will be thoroughly inspected to verify every pad is adequately covered.

Step 5: Machine-Assemble SMT Parts

988 Assembly uses latest YV100X, YV 100II and YV88X machines to quickly, machine-place all SMT parts. These machines could assemble boards in just a few hours which would normally take an engineer with weeks to complete by hand.

Step 6: Hand - Place Remaining Parts

For complex, large or non-standard SMT parts, 988 Assembly team with highly skilled staff will hand-place individual parts as needed before reflow.

Step 7: Reflow and Post Reflow Inspection

 Once all the components are placed on the boards, each one will be sent into our 10-zone reflow machines.

Step 8: Final Assembly

Boards are carefully inspected for solder short or cold solder joint and repairs are done, if necessary.Then all remaining thru-hole components (DIP) are placed.  

Step 9: Quality Assurance

988 Assembly uses a 400-LD washer and aqueous cleaning system to remove flux from finished boards. Boards are dried and visually inspected by our Quality Assurance team.

Step 10: Packing and Shipping

 All assembled boards are packaged in ESD packaging and shipped via DHL, FedEx or UPS. Any unused components are returned in accordance with customer instructions. Additionally, customers are notified by an email when their packages are shipped.

PCB Surface Finish

     Common PCB surface treatment process are: hot air leveling (HASL, hot air solder leveling), organic coating (OSP), electroless nickel / immersion gold, immersion silver, immersion tin, etc.

1)HASL，hot air solder leveling
    HASL also known as hot air solder leveling, it is in the molten tin-coated surface of the PCB and use heated air leveling (blown flat) process, to form a layer of copper oxide can be both anti provide good solderability of the coating layer. HASL solder and copper usually formed with copper-tin metal compound has a thickness of about 1 ~ 2mil.

2)OSP
    Skim -> micro etch -> Pickling -> water cleaning -> organic coating -> cleaning, process control relative to other treatment processes more easily.

3)Electroless Nickel / Immersion Gold (also known as chemical gold)
    Clean off the pickling -> micro-etch -> grep -> activate -> Electroless Nickel -> chemical leaching of gold; their process of six chemical tank, involving nearly a hundred kinds of chemicals, the process is relatively complicated.

4)Immersion Silver
    Immersion Silver is a displacement reaction, it is almost sub-micron silver coating. Sometimes silver leaching process can also contain organic compounds, mainly to prevent migration of silver silver corrosion and eliminate the problem, this is very difficult to measure out a thin layer of organic matter, analysis showed less than 1% by weight of the organism.

5)Immersion Tin
Due to the current all tin-based solder is, the tin layer with any type of solder to match, from this point of view, immersion tin process is very promising. But previous PCB via solder dipping process easy after whisker, welding and tin migration over soldering shall bring reliability problems, thus limiting the immersion tin process of adoption. After immersion tin solution, the organic additive, the granular structure of the tin layer structure to overcome the previous problem, but also has good thermal stability and weldability.

Sophie Deng
_______________________________________
Wonderful PCB Limited

PCB Industry

At present, Chinese production of electronic circuits, and printed circuit industry sales accounted for 44 percent of the global total; China printed circuit board equipment, raw materials, sales and production also remain the world's first. Despite the good momentum of development, many exhibitors participating CPCASHOW has said that due to the recent influx of a large number of PCB industry areas, capacity expansion is serious, resulting in a vicious competition intensified. In addition, the continued growth of smart terminals and emerging markets, driven by significantly increasing the demand for HDI, FPC, etc., but also stimulate the industry investment to expand plant expansion, further intensified price competition.

I found that many domestic exhibitors showcasing high-order HDI, IC, buried blind PCB, FPC, high-end products, such as multi-layer pcb board, PCB manufacturers have indicated that many domestic with international advanced manufacturing PCB comparable.

Production capacity expansion, high degree of product homogeneity, leading PCB price pressures. Price war intensified, most industry struggling to cope.

How to deal with a price war? I found a positive innovation in the field show exhibitors are booming popularity. Visible on the product technology upgrades, technological innovation will help blaze a new trail in the price war. In addition, to improve product competitiveness, increase product functionality and value, so that enterprises break free from the mire of product homogeneity, but also to important initiatives.

When it is time for finding a manufacturer, consider manufacturers in Shenzhen, China. They have done offering these kinds of services professionally for years. You want some good companies to be recommended? WONDERFUL PCB LIMITED is not a bad choice.

If you need expert PCB assembly service, feel free to contact wonderful02@wonderfulpcb.com.

Vias

The final “main component” of a PCB would be the ever useful via. Vias are used in multi-layer boards to electrically connect one layer to another.
There are essentially three types of vias, only one of which is common in the hobbyist world. These via types are:
Through hole - Most common type of via, a hole is drilled through the whole board and then electroplated so that it is conductive.
Blind - A blind via is used in designs with more than two layers to connect a surface layer to an internal layer without going all the way through.
Buried - Buried vias are similar to blind vias but are only used to connect internal layers.

Following will be continued in next chapter.

Shirley Xia
Oversea sales
Wonderful PCB

 A Floor 6, Nanyuan Fengye Mansion, Nanshan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City 518054, China.
T +86-755-86229518-821 / Cell phone and whatsApp:008613480796172
F  +86 755 2607 3529|
e  wonderful25@wonderfulpcb.com |
w  www.wonderfulpcb.com  | Skype:wonderful-pcb02
Welcome to our trading shows:
Booth: 9G27, HK Globalsources Oct.11-14th,2014 AsiaWorld-Expo, Hongkong
Booth：A3.274-1，2014.11.11-2014.11.14，the Electronica in Munich, Germany

FPC for LED Application

LED is more and more popular in ordinary family. As we all know, the key part of LED light is printed circuit board. For LED PCB, we usually use metal core material like Aluminum to make circuit on it. As the development of society and diversification of demands, recently more and more people pay attention on the Flexible circuit with LED (or said LED Flexible circuit). Along with the FPC industry growing, as well as the LED application spread out, there’s continuing request of precision lighting & illumination in some special circumstance.

Flexible circuitry is the thinnest available in interconnection technology. The thickness of the dielectric film typically ranges from 7.5 to 125 mm (0.3 to 5 mils) with line widths and spacing as low as 1 mil. As a comparison, standard ribbon cables have minimum line spacing of about 25 mils, with 50 mils being the norm. This wide spacing can be attributed to the fact that ribbon cable typically uses a PVC insulator that is much thicker and heavier than the polymer dielectric film used in flexible PCB board. Additionally, ribbon cable requires mechanical connectors for termination and cannot be used as an assembly medium.
Therefore, in many applications where space and weight is a premium, flex is the only option

In fact, this Flexible circuit with LED is a special single sided FPC or two layers FPC, with adhesive tape at the bottom side, easy peel off and installation. The outstanding characteristic is its length. Theoretically, the length of this Flexible circuit can be made according to clients’ request.

Here we’d like to talk about some features of Flexible Circuits with LED & LED Flexible Circuits

1) Separable SMD/SMT LED strip on Flexible circuit boards can be bended to the tour of any products with self adhesive tape back, easy installation! They are mounted on self-adhesive tape and can be conveniently field-cut. For adhesive tape, normally we use 3M 467/946/966, or as per request.

2) As long as the clients request (strip-to-strip soldered connecting). You can also choose our extreme long FPC which is 9.8 feet (3m) without soldering.

3) This flex circuit modules, after LED SMT/SMD were done, are ideal for edge lighting transparent and diffuse material. They provide an optimal solution for precise backlighting of complex contours. They can also be used of lifesaving/rescue sign lights and commercial signs and for making contours like escape routes, borders and stairs.

4) Customer design LED location, quantity, color (red, green, blue, true green, white (phosphor on blue), yellow, etc), according to the request of luminous intensity & color.

5) Flexible circuit boards (FPC) surface in white finish, with classic looking, or as per request

6). With IC constant current circuits, guarantee stable working current and even light output for the whole reel of lights.

(7) Thermal and Mechanical Characteristics
Flexible circuits commonly pass through different electrical, thermal, and mechanical environments. For example, the basic disk drive circuit moves back and forth millions of time over a rotating platter. Electrically, the flexible printed circuit compromises its signal integrity each time a trace carrying a signal is moved with respect to the surrounding electrical environment. Thermally, the circuit is exposed to the heat generated within the disk drive enclosure. Mechanically, the circuit works like a spring, either resisting or adding force to the mechanical movement. The design engineer must consider if the electrical problems will overshadow the mechanical problems or if the thermal problems will become the most dominant. All of these considerations can be discussed with a flexible printed circuit manufacturer to arrive at the best solution.

If you need any help or PCB or FPC prototype, please don’t hesitate to contact Wonderful PCB Technology Co., LTD. for more information about Flexible Circuits with LED (LED Flexible circuit boards). We are always to be your best partner of FPC in Asia.

PCB copy board concrete steps

The first step is to get a piece of PCB, first in the paper to record all elements of the model, parameters, as well as the location, especially the diode, the direction of the triple tube, the direction of the IC gap.It is better to digital camera two pictures from a location.Now the PCB more do more advanced the diode triode, some do not pay attention to don't see above.

The second step, tear down all laminated copy board, the tin in the PAD holes and be removed.PCB clean with alcohol, and then put into the scanner, the scanner to scan when need somewhat higher scan pixels, in order to get a clear image.Yarn paper will top and bottom with water slightly grinding, polishing to copper film, into the scanner, start PHOTOSHOP, knocked two layers respectively into in color mode.Note that the PCB must be horizontal even vertical, put in the scanner or scanning image is unusable.

The third step, adjust the contrast of the canvas, the contrast, the copper film part of and not part of the copper film contrast, then the first figure to black and white, check whether the line is clear, if not clear, repeat this step.If clear, will survive for the black and white TOP. The BMP file format of BMP and BOT. BMP, if found problems graphics can also repair and correction in PHOTOSHOP

The fourth step, the two BMP format into PROTEL format file, respectively in PROTEL transfer into two layers, such as a two layer of the PAD and the location of the VIA basic coincidence, that several steps before doing very well, if there is a deviation, then repeat step 3.So PCB copy board is a very need patience work, because a little problem will affect the quality and copy the board after the match.

Fifth, TOP. The TOP layer of BMP can be converted to PCB, be careful to into a SILK layer, the layer is yellow, then you are in the TOP layer is tracing, and drawing device according to the second step.After the draw will delete the SILK layer.Repeated know to draw all the layers.

Step 6, TOP in PROTEL PCB and BOT. PCB paged, into a graph with respect to OK.

Step 7, the TOPLAYER with laser printers, BOTTOMLAYER respectively printed on transparent film (1:1 ratio), put the film on the PCB, compare the errors, if yes, you're done.

A and the original plate the same copy board was born, but it is only half done.Test, test copy plate electronic technology performance is same as the original plate.If it is completed. Note: if it is a multilayer and careful polishing to the lining of the inside, at the same time, repeat steps, the third to the fifth copy board graphic name is different, of course, want to be decided according to the number of layers, the general double panel is much simpler than a multilayer copy board, multilayer copy plate prone to alignment, so profes sional copy board look and careful (including internal guide hole and guide hole is not easy to appear problem).

For more information, pls kindly contact me: wonderful11@wonderfulpcb.com

Aluminum board process-B

5.4 board inspection
5.4.1 line surface must be in accordance with the requirements of the MI to check all the content.
5.4.2 must check on aluminum pcb surface, aluminum surface dry film cannot have film falls and broken.
5.5 etching
5.5.1 for copper base is commonly 4 oz, will there is a certain difficulty in etching.First plate must be approved by the captain in person to do board, made in the spot check, line width, line spacing should be strengthened once every 10 PNL plate spot check line width, and make records.
5.5.2 recommended parameters: speed: 7 ~ 11 dm/min pressure: 2.5 kg/cm2 proportion: 25 be temperature: 55 ℃ (the above parameters are for reference only, the test plate results shall prevail)
5.5.3 back membrane should be paid attention to the time of the control between 4 ~ 6 min, because aluminium will reaction with NaOH, but also must ensure that the membrane clean, backing down membrane liquid membrane was not allowed to turn up the heat.No protective film of the plate, aluminum, from liquid membrane in the back up after the board will not stay to wash water on a board in time of liquid membrane, prevent the alkali corrosion of aluminum surface.  
5.6 corrosion inspection
5.6.1 normal board.
5.6.2 it is forbidden to use the blade repair line, in order to avoid injury and dielectric layer.
5.7 the solder mask
5.7.1 production process:
Brush copper surface grinding plate (only) to screen printing green oil (the first), and preliminary drying screen printing green oil (second) and the preliminary drying - exposure and development - plate mill, the acid pickling process. Under the soft brush - after curing -
5.7.2 reference parameters:
5.7.2.1 yarn used 36 t + 100 t
First 75 ℃ 5.7.2.2 x 20-30 min;The second 75 ℃ x 20-30 min
5.7.2.3 exposure: 60/65 (single) 9 ~ 11
5.7.2.4 enhancement: speed: 1.6 ~ 1.8 m/min pressure: 3.0 kg/m2 (total pressure)
5.7.2.5 curing: after 90 ℃ * 60 min + 60 min + 110 ℃ 150 ℃ above x 60 min parameters for the use of the DSR - 2200 tl ink, used only for reference.
5.7.3 note printing for control of air bubbles, if need, can add 1-2% of the diluent.
5.7.4 clappers before clappers member should check panel, there is a problem of instruct the captain and then to the clapper.   
5.8 HASL
5.8.1 spray before tin for aluminum plate with protective film tear protective film after spray tin.    
5.8.2 edge with both hands, it is strictly prohibited by hand directly touch the plate (especially aluminum surface).
5.8.3 operation, fight chafed.
5.8.4 tin cookie sheet before 130 ℃, 1 hour, and baking sheet to spray tin interval time less than 10 minutes.In order to avoid temperature difference cause a layered with ink.    
5.8.5 rework plate spray is only allowed to return once, if more than one board, to distinguish for special treatment.    
5.9 aluminum surface passivation treatment
5.9.1 level passivation process: (1) scrubbing brush (500 #) to (2) water - > (3) passivation, (4) washing the x 3-5. Dry - 6 drying
Note: (1) grinding plate: only aluminum surface grinding, FR4 parameter grinding plate.First board to check line no scratches, as well as the tin cried, uniform grinding crack.
(3)passivation: potion ingredients open cylinder quantity cylinder volume liquid temperature control concentration spraying in tank pressurization rate
Na2CO3 (CP) 50 g / 6500 g l, 130 l, 40 ~ 50 ℃ 2.0 ~ 3.0 1.0 ~ 1.5 m/min effective soaking time 10 ~ 15 s 100 m2 CP (K2CrO4) 15 g/l,  1950 g NaOH (CP) 390 g, 3 g/l
6 drying: 80 ~ 90 ℃.
Tyle = "the oledata.mso - spacerun: 'yes', the font size: 10.5000 pt; the font-family:" tahoma "; "> 5.7.2.5 curing: after 90 ℃ * 60 min + 60 min + 110 ℃ 150 ℃ above x 60 min parameters for the use of the DSR - 2200 tl ink, used only for reference.
5.7.3 note printing for control of air bubbles, if need, can add 1-2% of the diluent.   
5.7.4 clappers before clappers member should check panel, there is a problem of instruct the captain and then to the clapper.  

FPC assembly Pallets features

I would like to introduce the comparison between Magnetic reflow pallets and silica gel plate.

A. Stability: magnetic reflow pallet in magnetic state to even out the FPC, as the physical process, magnetic may increase or decrease according to request, don't change due to factors such as temperature, time, relatively stable.Silica gel plate adopt chemistry, will change under different temperature or Time or other condition, which lack of stability. Especially in the use of a certain period of time after a drop in viscosity, and not clean viscosity decreased during us, which cause FPC substrate deformation while crossing the reflow soldering and affect the welding quality.

B. Usage Life: magnetic reflow tray used in magnetic material and working principle of physical process, are high temperature resistant material,
As long as it's not  destroyed by man or at accident situation, it can be permanent online.  state can use permanent damage and accidents.Silica gel plate in use process, USES the chemical process,In use process, it will be aging of due to silicone materials, including Japan's material, no more than 1000 times return.The cost is very high.

C. Quality: magnetic reflow pallet at work on FPC insulating protection at the same time, FPC won’ t be destroyed when workman pick up the FPC.Silica gel plate in use process to ensure the smooth of FPC, has certain viscosity,and will stick to FPC, which will be difficulty for picking up FPC and may cause FPC deformation.

1.Comparison between Magnetic reflow pallets and normal plate

A.Quality: magnetic reflow pallet, because of FPC flat surface cause from the steel, reflow soldering will be reduced during FPC flow, which can guarantee the stability of welding quality, reduce adverse.Ordinary tray can only be used with high temperature tape around the FPC, after reflow soldering
, which easy to cause deformation to the middle part of FPC, tin water to overflow, cause bad welding, which will affect the quality. At the same time, magnetic
Reflow soldering tray can reduce some difficulty, like can avoid the high temperature stick to FPC lead to hard FPC being picked up or FPC deformation.

B. Cost: magnetic reflow soldering tray, convenient to use,  reduce prework workers, and the person to take off the tape after reflow soldering, at meanwhile, can reduce the use amount of the high temperature tape. Investment is bigger at first time to magnetic reflow soldering tray, however, it has cost advantage for mass production.

PCB copy board process

Below illustrates the whole process of copy board:
If there is a 4 layer board, components are removed, clean surface, we want to copy it into the Multilayer pcb file, according to the following steps:
 
1, scan the top plate, save images, name is top. BMP, then set the scan DPI can be set according to different density, if set is 400 DPI.   

2, scanning the bottom plate, save images, name for bottom. BMP

3, the middle tier 1 with sandpaper grind, leakage of copper sheet, clean after scans, name for mid1. BMP

4, the middle tier 2 with sandpaper grind, leakage of copper sheet, clean after scans, name for mid2. BMP

 5, each image in the PHOTOSHOP level (selected pictures, guarantee the images into a level, it will look out of the line, and picture more easily and alignment), it suggested that the underlying figure do level image, make the system diagram is in the same direction, up and down the positioning hole.Note do not need to cut out the picture just in here, had better leave some rich, almost as long as the picture just a matter of the level.   

6, open the color copy board software, from the main menu "file" - > "open the BMP file, choose top. BMP file to open.

After 7, set DPI, can copy the top figure, choose the first layer to the top, and then began to put components, via, wires, etc.   

8, after the top put all things, save temporary files (instruction and help, it is through the menu or toolbar button on yourself to choose), name of top - 1. The DPB (among different time save the name suggest a number of names, such as top - 1. The DPB, top - 2. DPB, so avoid computer failure, destroyed the last file, but can also save a version of the file, reduce the loss, this is a proposal, see the personal interests).

9, close the current picture window (note that a can only open a picture, don't open multiple images).   

10, from the main menu "file" - > "open the BMP file", choose the underlying figure bottom. BMP, temporary files and then open the top - 1. The DPB, then find the top draw good figure and the underlying background is not aligned, press Ctrl + A key combination, put all the good figure yuan is selected, press on the keyboard up, down, left and right cursor keys or number keys 2, 4, 6, 8 whole mobile, choose several reference points and the corresponding point on the background, then you can choose the current layer to the bottom, A walk is the bottom line, welding plate, filling, etc., if the top is blocking the line of the bottom, how to do?Is very simple, but from the main menu select "options" "layer color Settings", it is ok to check points off the top, also the top screen printing can also be closed.After copying the underlying, save the temporary file for bottom - 1. The DPB, or save the PCB files for bottom - 1. The PCB, then the file is already a file alignment, combination of two layers.   

11, a process is the same as the middle layer copy board, repeat steps 9 ~ 10, the final output of the PCB file, is four layers together and objects of the same PCB figure.  

Color copy board software some shortcuts and PROTEL is same, can see software to help or instruction in the list of "shortcuts".  
In a word, software use basically does not need too much learning can get started.

What PCB circuit board Plate

PCB circuit board consists of pads, vias, mounting holes, wires, components, connectors, filling, electrical boundary and other components, electronic products to meet the short, small, light, thin, high-density assembly requirements, to promote the circuit multi-layer board, super multi-layer development. PCB circuit board main role is to connect components to use, using a wide range of PCB board, small toys, cell phones, radios, large aviation, railways and other large-scale high-end electronic products. Here are some PCB circuit board sheet:

PCB board sheet has FR-1, FR-2, FR-3, FR-4, CEM-1, CEM-3. "FR" is representative of "flame retardant", FR-1, FR-2, CEM-1 and FR-3 are essentially the same, only a slight error on the mass, but not the three plates produced multilayer wiring board, and FR-4 and CEM-3 can be produced multilayer wiring board, FR-4 is the most common PCB boards, is the most widely used sheet, the current line MILL many are using this plate so the relatively low price of FR-4 sheet of some, but the FR-4 plate also has a heat resistance, highest withstand temperatures up to 130 degrees.

PCB circuit board copper is one of the most important components of PCB circuit board, PCB circuit board copper thickness 18um, 25um, 35um, 50um and 70um, international copper plate thickness is divided into three 35um, 50um and 70um if needed thick electroplated copper foil is required to use thicker or other chemical reactions of the circuit board copper foil thicker.

Common causes of poor design and SMB phenomenon Analysis

In the SMB design stage, if not fully take into account the manufacturing process requirements, resulting in the manufacturing process of the poor, to correct in the manufacturing process, there is a problem, it will waste hours delay period, they can not guarantee the quality of products; poor general design issues and, in production stage is difficult to overcome. Here are some common reasons for SMB design and produce undesirable phenomena.
1) Design of SMB no edge technology, process shaped hole or shape or size too big / too small, which is due to insufficient understanding of surface mount technology equipment, lead to the design of the SMB can not meet the requirements of the equipment setup, not mass production.
2) via the pad: when the result after the solder is melted by welding via the drain to the bottom, the solder joints is too small, welding unreliable. This is due to the designer of the reflow soldering process equipment enough to understand. SMT solder reflow soldering is distributed beforehand on the pad, solder melting connect components and PCB pad welding, when the PCB pad with a hole melted solder will flow through the lower hole, it is not a hole on the pad when the pad over the line must be drawn pad hole and then over the line.
3) chip component pad size asymmetry, especially land line, over the line as part of the pad to use, so that when the reflow chip components at both ends of uneven heating pads, solder melting has caused tombstoning.
Cause of the defect is part of the enterprise lack of a unified design specifications, good corporate design for manufacturing standard design is based on SMT process requirements, and the development of the enterprise status quo out of SMT equipment and continuous improvement.
Conclusion
Because of small surface mount components to meet the requirements of high density and automated assembly equipment, enabling miniaturization of electronic products, the volume, the development of a variety of functional requirements and accelerate the replacement frequency of reality, to promote the Surface Mount Technology unstoppable trends, design for manufacturability and therefore more and more integrated into the design of the PCB, which emphasizes the problems that may occur during the manufacturing process to advance to the design stage to resolve. Good PCB design for manufacturing can effectively control costs, shorten product development cycles, improve the market competitiveness of products.

Aluminum board process-B

5.4 board inspection
5.4.1 line surface must be in accordance with the requirements of the MI to check all the content.
5.4.2 must check on aluminum surface, aluminum surface dry film cannot have film falls and broken.
5.5 etching
5.5.1 for copper base is commonly 4 oz, will there is a certain difficulty in etching.First plate must be approved by the captain in person to do board, made in the spot check, line width, line spacing should be strengthened once every 10 PNL plate spot check line width, and make records.
5.5.2 recommended parameters: speed: 7 ~ 11 dm/min pressure: 2.5 kg/cm2 proportion: 25 be temperature: 55 ℃ (the above parameters are for reference only, the test plate results shall prevail)
5.5.3 back membrane should be paid attention to the time of the control between 4 ~ 6 min, because aluminium will reaction with NaOH, but also must ensure that the membrane clean, backing down membrane liquid membrane was not allowed to turn up the heat.No protective film of the plate, aluminum pcb, from liquid membrane in the back up after the board will not stay to wash water on a board in time of liquid membrane, prevent the alkali corrosion of aluminum surface.  
5.6 corrosion inspection
5.6.1 normal board.
5.6.2 it is forbidden to use the blade repair line, in order to avoid injury and dielectric layer.
5.7 the solder mask
5.7.1 production process:
Brush copper surface grinding plate (only) to screen printing green oil (the first), and preliminary drying screen printing green oil (second) and the preliminary drying - exposure and development - plate mill, the acid pickling process. Under the soft brush - after curing -
5.7.2 reference parameters:
5.7.2.1 yarn used 36 t + 100 t
First 75 ℃ 5.7.2.2 x 20-30 min;The second 75 ℃ x 20-30 min
5.7.2.3 exposure: 60/65 (single) 9 ~ 11
5.7.2.4 enhancement: speed: 1.6 ~ 1.8 m/min pressure: 3.0 kg/m2 (total pressure)
5.7.2.5 curing: after 90 ℃ * 60 min + 60 min + 110 ℃ 150 ℃ above x 60 min parameters for the use of the DSR - 2200 tl ink, used only for reference.
5.7.3 note printing for control of air bubbles, if need, can add 1-2% of the diluent.
5.7.4 clappers before clappers member should check panel, there is a problem of instruct the captain and then to the clapper.   
5.8 HASL
5.8.1 spray before tin for aluminum plate with protective film tear protective film after spray tin.    
5.8.2 edge with both hands, it is strictly prohibited by hand directly touch the plate (especially aluminum surface).
5.8.3 operation, fight chafed.
5.8.4 tin cookie sheet before 130 ℃, 1 hour, and baking sheet to spray tin interval time less than 10 minutes.In order to avoid temperature difference cause a layered with ink.    
5.8.5 rework plate spray is only allowed to return once, if more than one board, to distinguish for special treatment.    
5.9 aluminum surface passivation treatment
5.9.1 level passivation process: (1) scrubbing brush (500 #) to (2) water - > (3) passivation, (4) washing the x 3-5. Dry - 6 drying
Note: (1) grinding plate: only aluminum surface grinding, FR4 parameter grinding plate.First board to check line no scratches, as well as the tin cried, uniform grinding crack.
(3)passivation: potion ingredients open cylinder quantity cylinder volume liquid temperature control concentration spraying in tank pressurization rate
Na2CO3 (CP) 50 g / 6500 g l, 130 l, 40 ~ 50 ℃ 2.0 ~ 3.0 1.0 ~ 1.5 m/min effective soaking time 10 ~ 15 s 100 m2 CP (K2CrO4) 15 g/l,  1950 g NaOH (CP) 390 g, 3 g/l
6 drying: 80 ~ 90 ℃.
Tyle = "the oledata.mso - spacerun: 'yes', the font size: 10.5000 pt; the font-family:" tahoma "; "> 5.7.2.5 curing: after 90 ℃ * 60 min + 60 min + 110 ℃ 150 ℃ above x 60 min parameters for the use of the DSR - 2200 tl ink, used only for reference.
5.7.3 note printing for control of air bubbles, if need, can add 1-2% of the diluent.   
5.7.4 clappers before clappers member should check panel, there is a problem of instruct the captain and then to the clapper.  

PCB Protype, MOQ 1PCS, Delivery time fastest 1day

   CNC drilling, cutting edge, light painting, etching production process, only for less demanding customers, providing fast, cheap proofing services. No drilling metal plating, no character screen (single layer PCB can be printed in black silkscreen ), solder green oil, only suitable for the experiment, manual welding, can also be used to check for errors before production. Because no drilling metal plating, double panel vias problem Check "vias solution", or modify files, avoiding component pins and vias, shop may be able to modify the file, because vias can resolve threading welded at both ends, but if the pin element and vias, there may be elements blocked welding end less, so to avoid component pins and vias; pad line to be set a little rough, welding is best to use low-temperature solder (shop for sale ). Recommended not to do, of course, if a lot of your money, we do not oppose the demanding user is recommended to do the whole process. 16:30 hours before delivery traded at 22:00, 16:30, if the transaction had to be postponed until 22:00 the next day will delivery. Do not take different type in a panel.

Technical indicators are as follows:
Layers (maximum) 1-30
Panel type FR-4
The maximum size of 500mm X1100mm
Accuracy ± 0.2mm Dimensions
Thickness range of 0.40mm - 2.4mm
Thickness tolerances (t ≥ 0.8mm) ± 10%
Thickness tolerances (t <0.8mm) ± 10%
Media thickness 0.075mm - 5.00mm
The minimum width 6mil
Minimum spacing 6mil
35um thick outer layer of copper
Inner copper thickness 17um - 100um
Drilling aperture (ROP) 0.3mm - 6.35mm
Into the hole diameter (drilling) 0.3mm - 6.30mm
Diameter tolerance (ROP) 0.08mm
Diameter tolerance (ROP) 0.09mm
Thickness aperture ratio 8: 1
Solder type photographic ink
The minimum width of 0.1mm solder bridge

Sophie Deng
_______________________________________
Wonderful PCB Limited
NO.32A,Building NO.1, XianDaiC hengHuaTing,ChuangYeRoad|NanShan District,ShenZhen City 518054|  China  T +86-755-86229518-806 | F  +86 755 2607 3529|  e  wonderful08@wonderfulpcb.com |
w  www.wonderfulpcb.com  | Skype:wonderful-07   |                                                   
Welcome to our trading shows:
1.Booth: L32,Expo Electronic 2013,Apr.10-12th in CROCUS EXPO,Moscow,Russia
2.Booth: 11J36, HK Global sources  Apr.12-15th, 2013 Asia World-Expo, Hong Kong
3.Booth: 9J35, HK Global sources Oct.12-15th,2013 Asia World-Expo, Hong Kong
4.Booth: 70206, CES  2014  Jan,8th-11th in Las Vegas, USA

My four personal favorite avenues for finding parts are

Mouser.com – Mouser is a popular worldwide component distributor that has a wide range of products. Their selection is (in my experience) not quite as large as Digi-Key’s, but I prefer their website design, the better filtering system, and the more logical component organization.
DigiKey.com – Digi-Key is another popular worldwide component distributor. They probably have the largest component selection of any distributor, have great customer service, and are fast to ship. Overall I would put Mouser and Digi-Key about even, and certainly at the top of the list.
Octopart.com – This is a relatively new service that is like Google for electronics. Octopart searches through many different distributor channels for the part you want. There are many things I like about this service. They always put the datasheet in an easy to find spot, they provide a useful product summary, and show you price comparisons from different distributors. But there are drawbacks, Octopart still seems a bit unrefined and I don’t think it is worthwhile to compare prices from different distributors unless you are only buying a single part or are buying a massive quantity of components and shipping costs are negligible. In a few years Octopart may become the standard for finding your parts, but for now it still has some room to grow.
datasheets360.com – Datasheets360 has a database of over 70 million electronic components, each with a PDF datasheet and is working on scaling the site up to 350 million parts (up to about 180 million in November 2013).  In addition to datasheets they also provide inventory and pricing information from some of the major suppliers. This is a great resource.
This is just my preference, do you have a better method of finding parts? Let me know in the comments below.
Following will be continued in next chapter.
Shirley Xia
Wonderful PCB
T +86-755-86229518-636
e  wonderful25@wonderfulpcb.com |
w  www.wonderfulpcb.com  | Skype:wonderful-pcb02

Multilayer PCB design method (X)

11.4.2 The electrical Multilayer pcb segmentation method
(2) Click the Add button, the pop-up as shown in figure 11 to 15 electric layer segmentation in Settings dialog.

As shown in figure 11 to 15 in the dialog, Track Width used to set the drawing border line Width, but also in the electric network within the same region between the insulation of the spacing, so usually will Track Width is larger. Suggest that readers will input unit when the input value. If only enter the Numbers in the film, not the input unit, the system will default to the current PCB units in the editor.

Within segmentation of the specified Layer option is used to set electric Layer, here can choose electric power & GND inside Layer. In this case, there are many kinds of voltage grade, so you need to split the Power within the electrical layer to provide different levels of voltage components.

Connect to the.net option is used to specify the divided region is connected network. Usually in electric layer is used for power supply and network layout, but in the Connect to net the drop-down list as you can see, the inner layer of the whole network can be connected to the network signal, used in signal transmission, don't just general designer. Weak signals required by the voltage and current, small requirement to the wire, and power supply current is big, need a smaller equivalent internal resistance.So general signal in signal layer line, dedicated to the power supply and electrical layer network connections.

Ms Grace Zhang
________________________________
Oversea sales
Wonderful PCB
A Floor 6, Nanyuan Fengye Mansion, Nanshan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City 518054, China

T +86-755-86229518-809 | F  +86 755 2607 3529|  e  wonderful16@wonderfulpcb.com |
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